SCHWINGER, JULIAN SEYMOUR

SCHWINGER, JULIAN SEYMOUR
SCHWINGER, JULIAN SEYMOUR (1918–1994), U.S. physicist and educator; Nobel laureate. Schwinger, who was born in New York City, entered college at the age of 14 and when only 19 years old received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. He was subsequently research associate at the University of California (1940–41), instructor, then associate professor, at Purdue University (1941–43), staff member of the metallurgical laboratory at the University of Chicago (1943), and associate professor at Harvard (1945–47). In 1947 he was appointed a full professor at Harvard, one of the youngest in its history. Schwinger, Richard Phillips feynman , and Shinichiro Tomonaga were awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1965 for their work (conducted independently of one another) which   laid the foundation for the field of quantum electrodynamics. Schwinger wrote Particles and Sources (with D. Saxon, 1969) and Discontinuities in Wave Guides (1969). He edited Selected Papers on Quantum Electrodynamics (1958). From 1972 until his death Schwinger worked at the University of California. He was enormously respected, was a highly gifted lecturer, and supervised a succession of outstanding graduate students, 70 in all, of whom three received Nobel Prizes. He also received many honors, including the first Einstein Prize (1951), the National Medal of Science (1964), and the Nature of Light Award of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S. (1949).

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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